Daggers found in shaft graves during the bronze age :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ornamental daggers of the late bronze age found in the shaft graves at Mycenae, that date between 1550, and 1500 B.C. were made by Cretans for the mainland market. Even though these daggers were made in Crete none have ever been found there. Some other places where similar daggers have been found are the island of Thera, Vapheio, Pylos, and the Argire Heraeum. This shows that there was trade among all of those places during the time period that the daggers were made. Most of the daggers were found in grave circle A at Mycenae. How they were made   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The men who made the daggers found in the shaft graves were very skilled craftsmen. They showed contrast of color and of relief with the decoration of their work. On both sides of the daggers was a slotted silver or gold plate which would be decorated before being put on. They would decorate the plates with gold, silver, copper, alloys, and another technique known as niello. Niello is a black metallic alloy of sulphur, copper, silver, and usually lead, used as an inlay on engraved metal. It is considered painting in metal. The metal surface is brushed with a borax solution as a flux to help distribute the heat evenly, dusted with powdered niello, then heated. After cooling, the surface is scraped and shows a black pattern in the incised lines. The Egyptians are credited with originating niello decoration, which was practiced in classical times, spread throughout Europe during the middle ages, and came into high repute in the 15th century(Encyclopedia Britannica). Even though Egypt came up with the idea, you must note that it is native work, and not merely an imported article. (Web page, 7) The attitude of the figures and of the lions, and the form of the cat, are such as no Egyptian would have executed.(Web page, 7) After the plates were decorated, they used rivets rather than a soldering technique to put the parts together. They also used the technique of inlaying on the daggers when adding the gold portions. They would cut a narrow strip of gold from a thin sheet. Then they would make undercuts and dovetails wherever the gold would be going. After that they would then put the strip of gold over the undercuts, and use a hammer and a small wedge to bang the gold in. Decorations used on the daggers Daggers found in shaft graves during the bronze age :: essays research papers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The ornamental daggers of the late bronze age found in the shaft graves at Mycenae, that date between 1550, and 1500 B.C. were made by Cretans for the mainland market. Even though these daggers were made in Crete none have ever been found there. Some other places where similar daggers have been found are the island of Thera, Vapheio, Pylos, and the Argire Heraeum. This shows that there was trade among all of those places during the time period that the daggers were made. Most of the daggers were found in grave circle A at Mycenae. How they were made   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The men who made the daggers found in the shaft graves were very skilled craftsmen. They showed contrast of color and of relief with the decoration of their work. On both sides of the daggers was a slotted silver or gold plate which would be decorated before being put on. They would decorate the plates with gold, silver, copper, alloys, and another technique known as niello. Niello is a black metallic alloy of sulphur, copper, silver, and usually lead, used as an inlay on engraved metal. It is considered painting in metal. The metal surface is brushed with a borax solution as a flux to help distribute the heat evenly, dusted with powdered niello, then heated. After cooling, the surface is scraped and shows a black pattern in the incised lines. The Egyptians are credited with originating niello decoration, which was practiced in classical times, spread throughout Europe during the middle ages, and came into high repute in the 15th century(Encyclopedia Britannica). Even though Egypt came up with the idea, you must note that it is native work, and not merely an imported article. (Web page, 7) The attitude of the figures and of the lions, and the form of the cat, are such as no Egyptian would have executed.(Web page, 7) After the plates were decorated, they used rivets rather than a soldering technique to put the parts together. They also used the technique of inlaying on the daggers when adding the gold portions. They would cut a narrow strip of gold from a thin sheet. Then they would make undercuts and dovetails wherever the gold would be going. After that they would then put the strip of gold over the undercuts, and use a hammer and a small wedge to bang the gold in. Decorations used on the daggers

A Trip to Italy

Ashley Hicks Hendren ENG 101 Essay 1 A Trip to Italy Vacation and travel is a phenomenon which strikes a chord with nearly every human being on the planet. While true, there are many without the means to engage in such activity, there is little doubt that the primal urge to escape one's everyday surroundings strikes all but the most reclusive of people. There are many different locales to which one may escape, as well as a large variety of reasons for traveling.Be it sandy beaches, or snowy mountains, for family recreation or for spiritual soul-searching. . . a long vacation tends to be good for the mind. Among the thousands upon thousands of vacation hotspots spread out across the planet, one of the most popular locales is Italy. The country stands proud as one of the most visited places on Earth because there are a large variety of activities one can partake in, as well as a multitude of places to visit amongst the country's varied landscape.For the humble traveler, a trip to Italy would serve as one of the most memorable and luscious experiences they would ever partake in. Italy is a beautiful country with many reasons why one would travel there, from local cuisine, to a breadth of landmarks detailing the country's long and interesting history, and a storied culture revolving around family values. Italy is a magnificent vacation area full of excitement and enticing opportunities.From Florence to Venice, food and dining is an integral and cultured part of Italy's background, and something which any would-be tourist must experience. True Italian food carries with it a large range of emotions which impact the consumer long before it even touches one's taste buds. Walking down the winding, cobblestone streets, or perhaps even sinking down into a gondola during a romantic evening floating through the calming canals, the sights and smells of Italy's cuisine are impossible to escape.As smoke and steam bellow out from the various diners, small or large, the sizzling sounds of lean fish with the whitest of meat, and highly-seasoned potatoes dazzle the ears. Upon finding a seat in one of the various beautiful dining destinations scattered across the country, one is sure to be struck by the pure joviality of the eating environment. Much like France, the eating habits in Italy stretch well beyond the need to survive, or the cravings endure for certain tastes. Eating in Italy is as much a cultural pastime as playing baseball in the United States of America.As the smooth texture of Italy's various famed pasta dishes lay upon one's tongue, they are engaging in not just a country's dish, but its lifestyle and culture as well. Once a visitor has had their fill of Italy's expertly crafted meals, they can begin the process of true cultural immersion by visiting and learning the history of Italy's landmarks. With its mythology and culture stemming from Greece, Italy was once upon a time one of the greatest powers on the planet due to the Roman Empire.Exam ining the towering heights of the Roman Colosseum or the Parthenon is breathtaking in every sense of the word. The amount of effort and time it must have taken the Roman society to build their landmarks is staggering to consider. With even just the slightest amount of imagination, its easy to picture one of the many genius' from the Renaissance slaving away in their workshop, such as the mathematical and architectural pathfinder known as Brunelleschi, or the phenomenal creative genius of Leonardo DaVinci.Recalling the various figures and places from Italian history isn't dismissive of the fact that they are separated by time, but rather it calls to mind the fact that the beautiful tourist destinations that one can experience while visiting the country are the products of centuries, upon centuries of history. Yet, there is much to take away from a trip to Italy, beyond the ideas of delicious foods, wondrous landscapes, and Ferraris. The culture of Italy is something which could easil y stick within ones mind well after they have left.Perhaps the most striking cultural aspect of Italian everyday-life is the central role of family and familial values. In the South of Italy, in fact, it is not uncommon for even extended family to live within one home, sharing every part of their life together. While one may not observe the emotional and financial support these families give to each other internally firsthand, there is undoubtedly a sense of pride and respect that stems from these close-knit family ties which extend into societal life, such as the high respect that is held for elders no matter where one occupies Italy.In addition to this, visitors and outsiders are often treated with an immaculate kindness that permeates social gatherings. One could infer that family values in Italy have become so strong that they have stretched beyond literal family, and encapsulate the human race itself instead. Alongside these typical moral values, there is an emphasis on proper form and etiquette in all aspects of Italian life. Social appearance is a very important part of Italian life, as the projection of oneself can extend to represent not just the self, but family and country as well.First-impressions are considered one of the most vital parts of social interactions, because of the thought that said impression will last, and the fear of a tarnished reputation promotes joyous and welcoming greetings. These close meetings with people that one has, perhaps, not even met, are sure to be remembered by the various tourists who come and go. This may be due to other countries' comparatively cold salutations, such as in France or the United States, where the people between oneself and destination are just obstacles.Italy is an amazing seaside country with hundreds, if not thousands of ways to attract tourists. The famous fish dishes, pasta, and wine that Italy is host to are, undoubtedly, some of the foremost attractions for outsiders, especially for visitors a rriving from the States. . . the colorful and heavily seasoned national dishes are sure to evoke the life within ones palate, a palate that is sure to grow dormant as one becomes accustomed and overly-acclimated to their own local cuisine.Once one is tired of these dishes, if that is possible, they are sure to enjoy the strikingly beautiful landmarks which scatter the horizon, such as the Parthenon, which evoke thoughts of all the brilliant minds which stemmed from the age of the Roman empire and beyond. Lastly, it is thoroughly enjoyable to experience a culture that is in high contrast to one's own. Especially if said contrasts are positive and influential as is the case with Italy's family values and social values. Italy holds a vivid beauty that flows throughout all aspects of its culture. Works Cited â€Å"Italian Culture†. Hubpages. com. Accessed on Feb. 10, 2013. Web.

Salem Witch Trials - 1478 Words

The Salem Witch Trials of 1692 were a series of trials in which twenty-four people were killed after being accused of practicing witchcraft. These trials were caused by different social climates of the area including the very strong lack of a governor, the split between Salem Village and Salem Town, and the strict puritan lifestyle during the time period. Tituba, the black slave, was a foreigner from Barbados. Her role in society was to take care of Mr. Parris’s family. Tituba’s situation contributed to her role in the witch trials because Mr. Parris promised her freedom if she confessed guilty. Tituba also realized that with her false confession of being a witch also helped keep her life, therefore she accused other people in the village†¦show more content†¦1). Girls, more so than boys, had very few ways of expressing themselves and little was available for them. These statements help in proving the validity of puritan lifestyles contributing to the social cl imate because without these ground morals, the people would not have thought such normal activities meant someone was a witch. Tituba’s role in society was to be a slave to the family of Rev. Parris. Tituba was a foreigner to Salem, as Parris had bought her in Barbados. Slaves had no rights at all in this time period therefore; Tituba’s only job was to care for Parris’s children and house. This situation presented to Tituba contributed to her role in the witch trials because, being a slave didn’t get her much respect in society, therefore people wouldn’t object to her being a witch because she is not much of a respectable person to defend. For example, while Tituba would be caring for Parris’s children, â€Å"In the evenings Tituba entertained little Betty and her cousin Abigail Williams by the kitchen fire. She played fortune telling games and told them stories of magic and spirits from the Caribbean† (Tituba, par. 4). This proves th at Tituba’s role in society affected her role in the witch trials because these trials were based on how others saw you in society. If someone of high social status were to be accused of witchcraft, people would protest. However, if someone of low social status were to be accused, it wouldn’t mean much to the commonShow MoreRelatedSalem Witch Trials And The Witch Trial1494 Words   |  6 PagesFirst of all, I wanted to talk about what Salem Witch Trial is and who are the persons involve in this event. Salem Witch Trials, according to Encyclopedia Britannica is â€Å"A series of investigations and persecutions that caused 19 convicted â€Å"witches† to be hanged and many other many suspects to be imprisoned in Salem Village in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.† There are many people involve in Salem Witch Trials and I’ll be going to describe their role in this event, followed by the different case studiesRead MoreSalem Witch Trials And The Witch Trial Essay2225 Words   |  9 Pagesaccused of witchcraft in Salem Village, Massachusetts, many more died in jail, and around 200 people total were accused of witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials. Records from the event indicate that the Salem Witch Trials started when a group of young girls began acting strange, claiming they had been possessed by the Devil and bewitched by local villagers. The Salem Witch Trials is a much debated event; historians argue over the motivation and causes behind the trials and executions, not overRead MoreThe Trial Of The Salem Witch Trials905 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction In January 1692, when a group of juvenile girls began to display bizarre behavior, the tight-knit Puritan community of Salem, Massachusetts couldn’t explain the unusual afflictions and came to a conclusion. Witches had invaded Salem. This was the beginning of a period of mass hysteria known as The Salem Witch Trials. Hundreds of people were falsely accused of witchcraft and many paid the ultimate price of death. Nineteen people were hung, one was pressed to death, and as many asRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials691 Words   |  3 Pageswere the Salem Witch Trials? The Trials happened in 1692 in Puritan Massachusetts, in a town called Salem. Nineteen men and women were hanged on grounds of practicing dark magic and making a pact with Satan (in other words, for being witches). Hundreds of people were imprisoned; several died there. Additionally, one man (of over seventy years!) was crushed to death with heavy stones and the lives of many were irrevocably changed. (Salem Witch Museum) IQ #2- How and why did the Salem WitchRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials1202 Words   |  5 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials were a prime part of American history during the early 17th century. During this time, religion was the prime focus and way of life within colonies. This was especially true for the Puritan way of life. Puritans first came to America in hopes of practicing Christianity their own way, to the purest form. The Puritans were fundamentalists who believed every word transcribed in the Bible by God was to be followed exactly for what it was. The idea of the devil controlling a womanRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1866 Words   |  8 Pagessurrounding the cause of the Salem Witch Trials 1692 makes the topic captivating as many historian perspectives offer explanations for the causation of the trials, yet the personal context of each historian has determined its historic reliability. This questions the level of objectivity each historian has in their responses to the Trials. The aims and purposes of a historian, as well as their differing methodologies may alter the approach the have towards the investigation of the Trials. Many interpretationsRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesThe notorious witch trials in Salem began in Spring of 1692. This started after a young group of girls in Salem Village, Massachusetts, professed they were possessed by the devil. These young girls even went as far as accusing some local women of practicing witchcraft. As a frenzy spreaded throughout colonial Massachusetts, a specific court was summoned to hear cases. Bridget Bishop was the first convicted witch and she was hung in that June following her trial. Eighteen other people followed BishopRead MoreThe Trials Of Salem Witch Trials1069 Words   |  5 PagesEven though the Salem witch trials were made to seem formal, they were actually subjective and not based on fact. Since there were multiple people being accused of witchcraft, the trials were short and quick to sentence. The witch trials lasted less than a year. The first arrests were made on March 1, 1692, and the final hanging day was September 22, 1692. The Court of Oyer and Terminer was dissolved in October of 1692. The Salem Witch Trials occurred in the spring of 1692, when a groupRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials1635 Words   |  7 Pagesovercome was the Salem Witch Trials. The Salem Witch Trials occurred in 1692 and 1693 in colonial Massachusetts. â€Å"More than 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft – the Devil’s magic – and 20 were executed† as detailed by Jess Blumberg on the web article A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials (Blumberg 2007). The trials had a major impact on the American society and the effects could be seen in colonial America as well as today. Why did the injustice of the Salam Witch Trials occur and whyRead MoreThe Trials Of The Salem Witch Trials2197 Words   |  9 Pagesestablish colonies based on the word of God. Salem, like many other towns at the time, had little distinction between church and state and focused all aspects of their society on God. (Roach) Due to these conditions, Salem became the site of the largest and most violent witch hunts in America. The significance of the trials comes from the large impact they had on American law. The conditions before, during, and after the Salem Trials were unlike the witch hunts in any other colonies in the New World

The Contingency Management Theory And Management Theories

Within a fast-paced unpredictable economy, organizations must be able to keep up with demand and be capable of reacting quickly to change. Managers are at the forefront of the success or failure of a company’s fitness to effectively adjust to change. Therefore, it is extremely important for managers to study the history of management, understand different management theories and to apply them appropriately depending on the organization, the mission and the situation. Flexibility is one of the greatest traits a manager can possess in an extremely competitive market. One management theory that subscribes to flexibility is the contingency management theory. Adaptability is crucial in today’s business environment, especially for organizations trying to remain significant in global industries. All management theories offer ways to effectively run a company, but the contingency management theory is one of the most relevant in running a successful organization in the 21s t century. The contingency management theory centers on a manager’s ability to adapt to challenging conditions. Managers who subscribe to this theory will use their training, experience and gut checks to decide on the proper course of action based on the variable or situation they face (Plunkett, Allen Attner, 2013). They believe that the old adage of â€Å"one size fits all† does not apply in business like other management theories suggest. In fact, managers who follow the contingency management theory areShow MoreRelatedContingency Theories in Management1657 Words   |  7 Pageswhere the four popular management contingency variables of organisational size, routineness of task technology, environmental uncertainty and individual differences are reflected in the work of the manager that was interviewed. Using classical theories of Fayol, Mintzberg and Katz along practical examples from the managers’ day-to-day routine, this essay sets out to explain how these theories and functions impact upon how the manager applies the situational approach to management using the contemporaryRead MoreEssay on Contingency Management Theory614 Words   |  3 PagesContingency Theory Contingency Management Theory can be utilized in most business applications. Contingency Management Theory defined on the premise that there is no best way to lead an organization as there are too variables, both internal and external (McGlone, 2005). The manager must change his or her leadership technique, depending on the situation (Nair, 2009). Contingency Management is dependent on the manager’s flexibility and personal library of potential responses to fulfill the needsRead MoreThe Contingency Theory : The Importance Of Scientific Management1643 Words   |  7 PagesManagement is defined as the process of coordinating work activities so that they are completed efficiently and effectively, with and through people (Robbins et al, 2003). Yet, despite all organisations sharing a common goal of producing an output in the most efficient and effective way possible, there is not only one best way for them to manage their organisation to accomplish this objective. While the es tablishment of the Scientific Management discipline by Frederick Winslow Taylor proposed thatRead MoreContingency Theory: An Overview of Its Use In Management Essay690 Words   |  3 PagesContingency Theory: An Overview of Its Use in Management Contingency theory is one of the many theories that help to shape managerial practice, define the way that managers make decisions, and form solutions to problems. The intent of this paper will be to define what contingency theory is, identify the theorists that have helped shape the theory describe what areas of business and management it is used in. The paper will also set out to explain how contingency theory could be applied in realRead MoreClassical And Contingency Theories For Organizational Design1275 Words   |  6 PagesCritically Evaluate the Contributions and Limitations of Classical and Contingency Theories to Our Understanding of Contemporary Practices in the Area of Organizational Design  Table of Contents Introduction 3 Overview of Classical and Contingency Theories 3 Contributions of Classical and Contingency Theories 4 Limitations of Classical and Contingency Theories 5 Conclusion 6 References 7  Introduction Organisation is composed of individuals and groups who work together towards the accomplishmentRead MoreDisscuss the Contingency Approach to Management1313 Words   |  6 Pages | Definition of contingency(noun) by the Oxford Dictionary noun (plural contingencies) * a future event or circumstance which is possible but cannot be predicted with certainty * examples: a detailed contract which attempts to provide for all possible contingencies * a provision for a possible event or circumstance: stores were kept as a contingency against a blockade * an incidental expense: allow an extra fifteen per cent on the budget for contingencies * [mass noun] the absenceRead MoreThe Theory Of Frederick Winslow Taylor s Principle Of Scientific Management1387 Words   |  6 Pagesmanager’s role today along with the workforce diversity as it became a current main issue relating to management. Therefore, Taylor’s and Contingency theories are being critically analysed in this regard. First theory is Frederick Winslow Taylor’s Principle of Scientific Management that was published in 1911. It was part of the Classical Approach which refers to the first studies of management that occurred in the early 20 century that emphasised predominantly on rationality and efficiency. ItRead MoreThe Management Control System ( Mcs ) Essay1568 Words   |  7 Pagesresearches focussing on the management control system (MCS). Although, we have a far better understandings of management accounting practice now compared to the 1970s and 80s (Broomwich and Scarpens, 2016, p.4). There are many control systems developed, but it is rather unclear which one is the best method. Some believes with the use of contingency theory could help in achieving the best control methods, David Otley is one of the researchers that focussing on contingency approach towards MCS. Not toRead MoreDefine and Discuss the Different Theories of Management, Using Practical Examples from Your Experience or Knowledge. Compare Classical Management Theory to Any Contemporary Management Theory.691 Words   |  3 Pagesdifferent theories of management are classical management theory, behavioral management theory, quantitative management theory, systems management theory, contingency management theory, and quality management theory. The classical management theory focuses on finding the one best way to perform and manage task. The behavioral management theory recognizes employees as individuals with concrete human needs, as parts of work groups, and members of a larger society. The quantitative management theory usesRead MoreThe Contemporary School Of Management Thought1200 Words   |  5 PagesThe Contemporary School of Management Thought encompasses the complexity of an organization and the diversity of the individuals within the organization. Through different theories such as the systems theory, contingency theory and chaos theory, management can obtain a systematic and successful ap proach to dealing with the work force and situations that are embodied in such an environment. The rapid changing nature in today’s organizational environments can be interpreted and accounted for by the

Analysis Of The Poem Sir Gawain And The Green Knight

An abundance of the literary world’s best and most engaging poems or stories took place during the very fictional reign of King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table, who most famously, resided in Camelot. The poem, â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight†, written during the medieval period, is without a doubt one of the best fictional stories to ever come from this era. I found it especially interesting that both Christianity and Paganism intertwine during this heroic story. This encourages whoever is reading it to have a contrasting mindset because the story has not only Christian elements, but many pagan themes as well; it makes you wonder what type of story this really is. Many people speculate, however, whether the Gawain author could†¦show more content†¦It’s blade brightly burnished, with a long cutting-edge razor (208-213). Oddly, in his other hand he held a holly. The Holly King is most popularly associated with Paganism; he also coincidentl y wears all green and reigns during the colder seasons. He also gains his power from the Oak King and this happens during the Winter Solstice. This is relevant because the story at first takes place in Camelot during Christmas; there are parallels when discussing the Green Knight and the Oak King. Although that is Pagan tradition, Christianity also has a similar entity that is associated with nature. This Christian version is called â€Å"Father Christmas† or St. Nicholas. Just like the pagan version, St. Nicholas is also always dressed head to toe in the color green which can contrast the red and the white robes that the Bishops dressed in during the medieval era. I found this interesting because the modern day version of St. Nicholas wears red and white. Not only does the holly plant have an association with the Pagan religion, it is also associated with Christianity and it is said to be a representation of revitalization. Christmas is a very well-known Christian holiday and many people don’t know it’s Pagan roots. As I stated beforehand we are first introduced to â€Å"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight† when they are having a feast for a Christmas celebration. During the time this story was written, pagan traditions started to intertwine with theShow MoreRelatedImportance Of A Pentangle And Their Long Uses And The Past History Associated With It1534 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom spiritual protection to demonic associations. In order to encompass all of my Interpretations held with in this paper, my approach and analysis will be based on the pentangles meaning coming from the days of Solomon, who took the Jewish star and modified it in such a manner that the symbol began to be associated with the five virtues and, pro tection for knights and royalty. Pentangles began as crude drawings as diagrams that were found scratched into the walls of caves. From this point onward theRead MoreArchetypes In Sir Gawain And The Green Knight1100 Words   |  5 PagesIn almost any story, whether novel or poem, lies a hero. Depending on the path, a variety of archetypes usually accompany the hero. The Merriam Webster dictionary defines â€Å"archetype† as â€Å"the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies.† Joseph Campbell’s A Hero With A Thousand Faces introduces the common archetypes often found in various pieces of literature, explaining â€Å"The parallels will be immediately apparent; and these will develop a vast andRead MoreSir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay1395 Words   |  6 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight the poet depicts an entertaining story of adventure and intrigue. However, the poem is more than a grand adventure. It is an attempt to explore the moral ideals of Sir Gawain. Gawains standards are represented by the pentangle on his shield. The depiction of the pentangle occurs when Sir Gawain is preparing to gear up for his quest for the Green Chapel. Gawains outfit is described in great detail, including its color,Read MoreBritish Literature Essay: Macbeth vs. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight653 Words   |  3 Pages and poems written throughout history. All of the stories are unique, much like their authors, and even their surrounding history. Macbeth is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare in 1604; Sir Gawain and the Green Knight was written in the 1300’s by an unknown author. The following essay is going to compare and contrast the two stories mentioned above based on historical setting, cultural context, literary styles, and th e aesthetic principles of the period in which they were written. Sir GawainRead MoreSir Gawain And The Green Knight1591 Words   |  7 Pages  Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a late 14th-century Middle English chivalric romance. It is one of the best known Arthurian stories, and is of a type known as the beheading game. The Green Knight is interpreted by some as a representation of the Green Man of folklore and by others as an allusion to Christ. Written in stanzas of alliterative verse, each of which ends in a rhyming bob and wheel, it draws on Welsh, Irish and English stories, as well as the French chivalric tradition. It is anRead MoreComparing Beowulf And Sir Gawain And The Green Knight Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pagesthen† but the response to that ideology is, does one value loyalty? Among the many values of the Anglo-Saxons, such as bravery, truth, and honor, above them all stands loyalty. Through an archetypal analysis, one may view how two major works of the Middle Ages, Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, both refle ct attributes of loyalty, specifically the testing of one’s loyalty and the consequences of disloyalty, which reflect the behavior and values shared by the Anglo-Saxons and the people ofRead MoreEssay Analysis of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight1050 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, after Gawain ventures â€Å"into a forest fastness, fearsome and wild† (Norton, 311), he prays that he will be able to find â€Å"harborage† on Christmas Eve (Norton, 312). It is the middle of winter, and Gawain has been traveling in search of the Green Knight whose head he has cut off. After he prays and signs himself three times, Gawain finds a magical castle in the midst of a winter forest. He rides to the castle and is grantedRead More Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Essay1991 Words   |  8 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight - Character Analysis of Sir Gawain The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell is a medieval romance poem written by an anonymous author. Sir Gawain is one of the major characters in the poem. He is a very likable personality. Sir Gawain represents an ideal knight of the fourteenth century. Throughout the story, we see Sir Gawain portrayed as a very courteous and noble knight, always trying to help King Arthur. The characteristics of Sir Gawain like kindness, generosityRead More Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: An Analysis of Parallel Scenes636 Words   |  3 PagesSir Gawain and the Green Knight: An Analysis of Parallel Scenes The anonymous author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight was supposedly the first to have originated the alternation of temptation and hunting scenes, which both contribute importantly to the effectiveness of the poem (Benson 57). The two narratives are obviously meant to be read as complementary. Therefore, the parallel juxtaposition of seemingly unrelated episodes is the basic characteristic of the narrative. The narrativeRead More A Character Analysis of Sir Gawain as Presented In Sir Gawain and The Green Knight1426 Words   |  6 PagesA Character Analysis of Sir Gawain as Presented In Sir Gawain and The Green Knight In Sir Gawain and The Green Knight, the character of Sir Gawain is skillfully brought to life by the unknown author. Through the eyes of numerous characters in the poem, we see Gawain as a noble knight who is the epitome of chivalry; he is loyal, honest and above all, courteous. As the story progresses, Gawain is subjected to a number of tests of character, some known and some unknown. These tests tell us a great

Home Is Where the Heart Is Free Essays

Growing up in foster care kids never grow to understand the phrase, â€Å"Home is where the heart is. † This phrase isn’t making reference to a house or a tangible item in your life. An emotional connection you have with someone or something is what I believe home represents. We will write a custom essay sample on Home Is Where the Heart Is or any similar topic only for you Order Now The feeling of being secure, knowing you’ll be taken care of no mater what you say or do, and always feeling like your loved and wanted. Hundreds of kids have grown accustomed to the feeling of hopelessness and loneliness. Kids have grown accustomed to feeling like they don’t belong anywhere; I was once one of those kids. I remember the bone-chilling feeling of seeing the black almost hearse-like car coming to take me away from the only place I was familiar with. I remember the feeling of confusion, the feeling of sorrow, and the feeling of anger. I remember getting into the car and smelling the old, damp, mildewed scent of previous the rider’s tears. The tears I had grown so accustomed to. I remembered how I wished to scream and squeal, like the brakes, when the car stopped at my new quarters. I remember telling myself, â€Å"Don’t get comfortable Josh, because you won’t be here long, right? I’ll be home soon. Right? † I remember the feeling of being abandoned, the feeling of being unwanted, feeling just plain alone. Throughout my years as a foster child and adolescent, I moved in and out of countless houses, met and said goodbye to countless families, friends, and teachers. I remember the Bensons; they took me in when I was seven. I had already been moved around eight times. The first thing they said to me was, â€Å"It’ll be okay, you don’t have to worry anymore, you’ll be here for a long time. The weight of uncertainty lifting off your shoulders is a good feeling; in fact, it could be the best. Being able to take off your shoes, plunge down on the couch, and say hello to someone who says hello back. Having the ability to look someone in the eyes and, not only feel, but here, â€Å"I love you. † Home to me is all of those things tied together and put in my back pocket, saved for a rainy day. I grew comfortable and unworried the two years I didn’t have to pack around any extra weight with me. It was presentation day, in my third grade class. For my presentation I chose an animal, the cheetah. Did you know that a family of cheetahs will stay together until the babies are all grown up, and will support each other? † I gave my presentation and was feeling good about it. I was chosen to hold our class pet, the gerbil, he was brown and smelled almost exactly like an old crusty sock, I was overtaken by the joy of his warm pulsing body. My class and I were sitting in a circle around my teacher, listening to our daily reading of the second Harry Potter, when the door opened and the sound of my teachers voice was cut short of telling us what happened next. Two gloomy adults came in, a man and a woman. The man was tall, dressed in nice black slacks and a black sports jacket, the woman was short, dressed in black dress pants and a red sweater which had thirteen black buttons straight down the front. My teacher excused herself and met them at the front of the class. My friend and I started laughing at the gerbil; he was doing summersaults on my lap and almost fell off. â€Å"Josh,† my teacher called my name, â€Å"Come up here please,† I gave the gerbil to my friend and went to the front of the class. As I was walking to the front of the class, I noticed my teacher’s eyes; they seemed to be turning a glossy color, almost like two wet marbles shimmering in the bright sun. The two people dressed in black were smiling down at me with blank expressionless looks on there faces and said â€Å"hello. † Their words were cold and harsh. I noticed a sharp fast glare, almost like needles, injected from my teacher to the two people dressed in black. My teacher knelt down to my level so we were both eye to eye. She stared at me with her big marbles and said, â€Å"Josh, these people are going to take you out to lunch. You need to go with them, OK Josh. † My teacher’s eyes were getting wetter, â€Å"You need to be a big boy, OK Josh. You be a big boy now. † Before I knew it, she had engulfed me into her chest, wrapped me neatly into her arms, and covered my head with her chin. Warmth and love surged through my body as if I was hit by a bolt of lightning cupid had mistaken for an arrow. I felt a warm drop of water hit my head. â€Å"OK Josh, it is time to go,† said the large man dressed in black. I felt his cold hand grab my shoulder, abruptly stopping the lightning from continuing through my body, forcing it out of me. My teacher released me, stood back to her full height, and pricked them agin with her needle. The woman dressed in black took my hand; her hand felt like an ice cube, cold and damp. The man and woman led me away from my teacher, away from my friends, away from my security, away from my love, away from my peace. As soon as I got into the lifeless car, all of the lost feelings returned to me at once. â€Å"It’s happened again. What’s wrong this time? Was it me? Maybe I can take whatever I did back and say I’m sorry? † â€Å"Josh, we’re taking you to another house. An enormous weight hit my chest; I couldn’t breathe, I felt my eyes swelling, my nose began to run. A salty liquid hit my mouth again and again, my memories flooding out, like millions of bees swarming and stinging after their homes have been breached by smoke, engulfing me. Just as I had felt for years and years kids are still felling today. Kids still feel unwanted and unloved, kids still don’t have the consistency and trust they need to become who they are and construct their home, and kids still have the lay their head down every night and wonder if the pillow their laying on will be the same tomorrow night. Kids in foster care may have a house but they don’t have anyone they can make a home with. People in the foster system are so concerned with is putting kids in houses (not saying that this is a bad thing), but they should focus more on the home. Instead of being full of emptiness the kid’s homes that they create, should be full of trust and security, truthfulness and consistency, laughter and love. How to cite Home Is Where the Heart Is, Essay examples

Memorandum of Agreement free essay sample

WITNESSETH THAT: WHEREAS, that the Republic Act 9003 of 2000 mandates the City to promote, preserve and protect the health of its constituency by way of determining the manner of disposal and recycling of solid waste generated by the CITY residents; WHEREAS, that the CITY OF SAN PABLO, has the desire to Purchase a MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITY (â€Å"MRF†), ELECTRICAL LINE WIRINGS, WATER SYSTEM, ROOFED BUILDING and AUTO-SORTING MACHINERY with the contractor. WHEREAS, that the GREEN HARVEST TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATION INC. for valuable consideration hereinafter specified, shall SUPPLY, FABRICATE, INSTALL AND OPERATE THE MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITY (â€Å"MRF†) and perform solid waste recycling and disposal services as contemplated herein; NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties have mutually agreed to be bound by the following terms and conditions, A. NATURE OF THE PROJECT: The primordial goal of the project is to promote, preserve and protect the health of the City’s constituents a nd its environment through an efficient way of waste disposal as mandated by Republic Act 9003 of 2000. The project will be undertaken through the Purchase of the CITY of the MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES (â€Å"MRF†), ELECTRICAL LINE WIRINGS, WATER SYSTEM, ROOFED BUILDING and AUTO-SORTING MACHINERY to be Supplied, Install, and Operate scheme of the contractor, wherein the Contractor will provide a highly innovative approach in solving the City’s predicament in waste management and disposal through the introduction of a modern Material Recovery Facility (MRF) and other allied services. B. LOCATION OF THE MATERIAL RECOVERY FACILITIES (MRF) It is strategically located at Barangay San Ignacio, San Pablo City, with a approximate area of five hectares. C. DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE CONTRACTOR: B. 1. PROVISION OF MRF AND RELATED SERVICES: a. To supply one (1) lot of a Material Recovery Facility (MRF) that will be installed at the designated Service Area. The duly approved mechanical and technical specification of the MRF is hereto attached and marked as Annex â€Å"A†; b. To operate the MRF and provide Waste Recycling Services. These specific recycling services is detailed in Annex â€Å"B† hereof; c. To provide Operational and Safety Training for all parties involved, both for the City and the Contractor; d. To rehabilitate the City’s existing old MRF. Rehabilitation cost will be paid by the CITY, and it will be considered operating cost deducted against the city. e. To provide qualified personnel such as drivers, mechanical, supervisory, clerical and other personnel that may be necessary to provide the Recycling Services in a safe, economical and efficient manner. The names, qualifications and other personal data of these personnel is detailed in Annex â€Å"C†, hereof. The Contractor may, from time to time, change the list of personnel depending on the requirement of the MRF operations after considering the varying gravity of daily waste disposal f. To supply and install Electrical Line Wirings (from the MERALCO MAINLINE to the MRF Machineries), SUFFICIENT Water System, Roofed Building and Auto Sorting Machine. The mechanics and installation cost, will be paid by the CITY as agreed upon by both parties is detailed in Annex â€Å"D† hereof; g. To provide additional facilities, equipments and other machine to meet the increasing demand of the disposal of waste on the facility. B. 2. MRF’S TECHNICAL OPERATIONS: a. To provide a five (5) days operation per week with a working hour of 8:00 am to 12:00 noon and 1:00 pm to 5:00 pm. An overtime work rate will be charged. b. To prepare and submit a monthly report of the production and sales of the MRF to the CITY. c. To issue a TICKET with a corresponding amount of every truck load. The ticket will be purchase from the contractor. NO TICKET NO ENTRY will be strictly imposed. see ANNEX E; d. To implement the complete working outfit, uniforms, identification card, safety shoes, safety helmet during the working hours inside the MRF. e. To issue company rules and regulation and company guidelines. B. 3. MRF’S OPERATIONS’ COSTS AND EXPENSES: a. The Contractor SHALL deduct the Operating Cost or all Expenses incurred during the operation of the MRF from the Gross Income on a monthly basis; b. The â€Å"CITY† shall reimburse â€Å"The CONTRACTOR† for all the costs and expenses incurred during the construction and installation of the Electrical line wirings, Water System facilities, Roofed Building and Auto Sorting Machine being constructed. Payment for this purpose shall be made within a period of one (1) year on a prorated monthly deduction on the monthly Gross Income. Delivery by the Contractor of Electrical line wirings, Water System, Roofed Building and auto Sorting Machine shall be permitted to charge additional Service Fee. The Electrical Line Wirings, Water System, Roofed Building and Auto Sorting Machine, will remain the property of the Contractor, until the time â€Å"The City† is fully paid. B. 4. CONTRACTOR’S CONSULTANCY AND PERSONNEL: The Contractor, shall: a. That the contractor shall Assign Consultants and Qualified Personnel before and during the Operations. See detailed descriptions listed in ANNEX C; . That the contractor shall Process, dispose the Household Solid Waste material into Pellets, Fertilizer, and Hollow-Blocks using the supplied â€Å"Equipment†; c. Not later than the tenth (10th) day of each calendar month, the CITY will pay the Contractor’s Consultant, the list of which is hereto attached as Annex â€Å"C†. Provided, however, that the Contractor retains the right to change the name of designated Consultants from time to time, in order to accomplish its duties and responsibilities to the City. Within thirty (30) days of receipt of the Statement of Account issued by the Contractor, the City shall notify the Contractor of any dispute it may arise with respect to the Contractor’s Statement of Service Fees; D. DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE CITY: C. 1. PAYMENT OF MRF AND OTHER RELATED SERVICES: a. Upon the execution of this Agreement, the City shall pay the Contractor the amount of ____________________ (P___________) representing down payment of 50% from the total amount of the equipment (MRF) and a prorated monthly billing up till one(1) week before it’s delivery for the Contractors Fabrication, Delivery and Installation Cost; . Subsequent of the City payments will be based on the Contractor’s Prorated Billing of _____________________ (P___________) during the MRF’s construction and installation. c. The CITY must be able PAY IN FULL the total Cost of the MRF and settle all billings one (1) week before its delivery; d. Within thirty (30) days of rece ipt of the Statement of Account issued by the Contractor, the CITY will pay the Contractor all payables due with respect to the Contractor’s Statement of Account. e. The City will issue a PURCHASE ORDER after the signing of the Contract. f. The City will pay on a prorated billing for the installation of: 1. Electrical Line Wirings (Meralco line connection from the main to the MRF), 2. Water System (water line from main to MRF) 3. Roofed Building (housing infrastructure) 4. Auto Sorting Machine Refer to Annex D g. The City shall purchase the vouchers or tickets from the Contractors assigned personnel for every entry of each truck load. See Annex E for the Cost of Tipping Fees and per Truck Capacity. h. Fabrication, construction Delivery and Installation shall be done by the Contractor. See details on ANNEX A. C. 2 ON MRF OPERATIONS: a. The City shall deliver 50 trucks of solid waste per day which will start on the dry run in order to calculate the recycled output and projected income; b. Dry run shall start in three (3) months, couponing and ticket collection shall be imposed so that the contractor will be able to prepare the estimated projected income. c. The City under the engineering department shall provide sufficient payloader and trucks during the operation; d. The City shall assist additional manpower under the solid waste management of the City of San Pablo, Laguna. re-employment of old or previous employee which is subject for evaluation of the contractor); e. During the time that the Contractor is on the early stages the City will help the contractor in promoting and marketing the finish products through provision on mutual cooperation and bidding process; f. The City will provide perimeter fence around the assigned area of the MRF. g. The City is responsible for the expenses in curred during the training of personnel before the operation of the MRF. h. The City will assign only a certified â€Å"BUY-BACK CENTER† a private entity or a non-government organization that will purchase or buy the â€Å"processed materials† or â€Å"finished product† like Firewood Pellets, Fertilizer, Hollow-Blocks, and Bricks. h. 1 In the event that there is no buyer for the finished products , the CITY will provide sufficient storage area. The Finished products will be considered SOLD and it will be reported as SALE of the â€Å"Contractor† which will be audited by the â€Å"Contractor† and â€Å"The City† in a monthly basis. C. 3 HAULING a. The City shall be responsible for all the Hauling operations by providing equipment, vehicle, transportation, expenses and salaries and wages of the personnel. The Hauling personnel will be under the supervision of the CITY during the operation; b. The City will provide adequate security personnel on the area to secure the entry and the outgoing trucks. C. 4 PERMITS AND LICENSES a. The City shall help and provide all required government permits such as DENR permits, ECC, ETV, local permits and any permit and licenses required by other government agencies. The City shall provide the Contractor all permits and licenses required by law or ordinance and maintain the same in full force and effect. The CITY shall likewise exempt the CONTRACTOR from payment of local taxes imposed by the City and other fees for regulatory purposes; C. 5 SECURITY a. The City shall provide adequate security personnel with a round the clock or twenty four hours operations within the perimeter area of the MRF. C. 6 ENDORSEMENT TO COOPERATIVES AND DIFFERENT MUNICIPALITIES a. PROVISION ON MUTUAL COOPERATION: The City shall provide this provision to the Contractor, because the CITY has all the potential buyers. The City shall invite bidders for the sale of the FINISHED PRODUCTS, like cooperatives and other entity of the same industry. b. The City shall encourage other municipalities and cities to dispose their soild waste on our MRF, or make an endorsement. A proper Endorsement of Sanggunian Resolution may be made in order to increase sales and revenues of the CITY. D. FINISHED PRODUCTS D. 1 The main product of the Facility will be FIRE WOOD PELLETS. The â€Å"MRF† will also produce Organic Fertilizer, Hollow-Blocks and bricks. The Contractor has all the prerogative on how the MRF will operate; D. 2 The City will provide and assign one â€Å"BUY-BACK-CENTER† through bidding process. However, a Provision on Mutual Cooperation shall be provided by the City. In the event that there is no assigned â€Å"BUY-BACK-CENTER†, The CITY will provide a sufficient storage area to all Finished Products, Recycled wastes, which they are considered sold; D. 3 The Contractor will be responsible for all the maintenance and repair of the MRF during the contract period. The City has the option to pay the extended warranty fees after the termination of the contract; D. The Contractor will provide a quarterly STATUS REPOR of operation to The City. The City and the Contractor is responsible of providing status reports to any Government Agencies; E. INCOME SHARING E. 1 The sharing is 50% to the Contractor and 50% to the City on the income derived from all revenues of the MRF. However, overhead expenses, administrative expenses and ongoing construction costs incurred by the Contractor such as the following: MERALCO electrical wirings with transformer of 450KVA ( from Main Line to â€Å"MRF Facility†), Roofed housing for the MRF, (estimated 1,540 sq. eters) Auto Sorting Machine and interest, Consultation fees, Inoculants, Transportation allowances, Office Supplies, Maintenance Cost and Consumables of the Equipment, Water and Electrical Billing, Salaries and Wages and Benefits will be deducted from the proceeds. E. 2 Estimated projected Income will be submitted after the three months dry run operations; E. 3 Contact Person All business dealings, contacts, notices, and payments between the Contractor and the City shall be identified and designated by both parties. The financial Statement herein mentioned shall be reported annually by the Contractor and submitted to the City on or before May 1, 2012 of each Contract Year commencing May of 2013. F. EXCLUSIVITY: F. 1 It is hereby expressly agreed, accepted and understood by the City that the Contractor shall provide exclusive solid waste Material Recovery Facility and disposal services within the area of San Pablo City, Laguna for the contract period of the project, specifically from April 1, 2012 until March 31, 2013 herein specified as the â€Å"Initial Term†. Upon the expiration of the Initial Term, this Contract shall be automatically renewed for an additional two (2) years term specified as the â€Å"Renewal Term†. Both parties shall provide at least ninety (90) days period, a written notice to both parties of its intent to renew or not to renew the Contract before the expiration of the renewal Term. The City shall not enter into agreement with any other entity for Waste Recycling Services specified in this contract. F. 2 The Contractor shall have all the exclusive rights in receiving and operating the Solid Waste within the City of San Pablo. G. SERVICE FEE AND OPERATIONAL EXPENSES ADJUSTMENTS G. 1 That the city willfully agrees, the contractor will increase tipping fee to augment in the increase in operational costs and expenses incurred by the Contractor as a result of a â€Å"Change In Law,† and Stipulation beyond the City’s Administrative and Electoral Term whether imposed retroactively or prospectively, that changes, modifies, and alters requirements upon: (i) performing the Recycling Services; or (ii) the operation of the applicable Facility, (iii) Processing Facility. H. UNDUE HARDSHIPS AND LOSSES Contractor may provide a notice to the City that the expenses and other expenses beyond uncontrollable circumstances on the operation of the MRF are overly burdensome. Upon such notice, the CITY and the CONTRACTOR will negotiate in good faith to amend in a commercially reasonable manner how both parties will get a profit from the operations. Furthermore, if at any time after the first Contract Year the MRF is modified, The City and Contractor will agree to negotiate in good faith to modify and determine the possibilities for the good operation of the MRF. I. NATURAL DISASTERS AND UNCONTROLLABLE CIRCUMSTANCES I. 1 NATURAL DISASTERS a. In the event of fire, hurricane, tornado, major storm, high winds or any ACTS OF GOD, the Contractor has no responsibility for any damages. The CITY will negotiate with the CONTRACTOR to assess the damages and submit to the city the report how much the total amount of the repair. The contractor will submit a quotation to the city. I. 2 UNCONTROLLABLE CIRCUMSTANCES a. The City or Contractor shall be considered to be not in Default of this Contract if delays or failure of performance, was due to Uncontrollable Circumstances. The non- performing party shall give a written notice to other party describing the circumstances and the uncontrollable forces preventing continued performances of the obligations of this contract. J. TERMINATION OF SERVICE J. 1 The contractor have the right to suspend the operation of the MRF immediately, due to the non-compliance of the Duties and Responsibilities of the City and Exclusivity, the Contractor shall have the right to pursue all other rights and remedies available to the Contractor pursuant to this Contract. K. DEFAULT OF CONTRACT K. 1 RIGHTS AND REMEDIES UPON DEFAULT If a party is in Default, at the option of the non-Defaulting party, this Contract may be immediately terminated or suspended upon written notice to the Defaulting party. The defaulting party has no any obligations caused by the default. This Contract may be continued in force and the non-Defaulting party shall have the right to negotiate again with the defaulting party and apply the rights and remedies for the benefit of both parties. K. EVENTS OF DEFAULT BY CONTRACTOR – The contractor is in default if there is a failure to comply with any material provision of this Contract. After a written notice from the City setting forth the specific provision and noncompliance, the notice shall be mailed to Contractor to its principal address of business by certified mail courier and return receipt requested. The City, upon notice to the Contractor and negotiation was held, for good cause, may declare this Contract forfeited a nd exclude the Contractor from further operation and shall thereupon surrender all rights in and under this Contract. K. 3 EVENTS OF DEFAULT BY THE CITY The CITY is in default if a failure to perform obligations under the terms of this Contract or the Ordinance for the execution of this Contract, and the continuance of such failure after (i) written notice thereof has been provided by the Contractor, specifying such failure and requesting that such condition be remedied, and (ii) City’s failure to cure the Default. L. INDEPENDENCE OF PARTIES TO AGREEMENT It is understood and agreed that nothing herein contained is intended or should be construed as in any way establishing a partnership relationship between the parties hereto, or as constituting the Contractor as the agent, representative or employee of the City for any purpose whatsoever. The Contractor is to be and shall remain an independent contractor with respect to all services performed under this Contract. M. CONSTRUCTION AND MODIFICATION This Contract is to be construed consistent with the Ordinance duly executed and approved by the â€Å"Sangguniang Panlungsod†.